England: Questions and Answers on Monarchy in the Later Middle Ages

What does the reign of Henry II suggest about the future of English foreign relations?

            The reign of Henry II suggests that the future of English foreign relations would be forced relations. Henry II conquered lands and immediately created vassal/lord type relationships to achieve what he wanted. Meaning that, Henry wanted allegiances swore to him as lord in exchange for control of the land. In doing this, Henry severely damaged later chances of the territories he overtook ever wanting to establish associations. Future kings of England were unlikely to overcome the problems Henry established.

Does the common conception of Richard as 'good' and John as 'bad' hold up to reality?

            When looking from a modern viewpoint, the common conception of Richard as ‘good’ and John as ‘bad’ does not hold up to reality. In many senses, Richard and John both made harsh demands and both had the ability to fight.  However, from the viewpoint in Richard and John’s time, it was the traits that made the difference. Richard was a man with talent and skill who was willing to risk everything in battle even if the odds weren’t in his favor. This gave Richard the opportunity to look like the brave and noble brother. John on the other hand lacked flair and was very calculating. If something was not in John’s odd he was not going to risk what he had. This cast John as the cowardly brother. If thinking through the mind of a historian, the common conception of Richard as ‘good’ and John as ‘bad’ does hold up to reality.

How did the Magna Carta change the relationship of the Monarch and his subjects?

            The Magna Carta caused the Monarch to be subjected to the law of Britain for the first time in the country’s history. The king now had to follow the same laws as the common people. Chapters of the Magna Carta were also designated to set up certain provisions for the king such limiting scutages and relief payments. The Magna Carta also helped to secure people’s rights and the Church’s rights. The king also received twenty five appointed officials to ensure his collaboration.